Epidamnis

Epidamnis was an ancient Greek colony located in the southern region of modern-day Albania, near the city of Durrës. Founded in the 7th century BCE, it was one of the earliest Greek settlements in the Illyrian region. The colony was established by settlers from Corinth, who named it after their own city, though it was also known by its native Illyrian name, Epidaamnos or Epidaamni.

Epidamnis thrived as a commercial hub, benefiting from its strategic location along the Adriatic coast. It became a center for trade, particularly in metals, pottery, and agricultural products. The city was also known for its minting of coins, which featured distinctive designs reflecting its Greek heritage. Archaeological evidence suggests that Epidamnis had a well-planned urban layout, with a fortified acropolis and a lower city area.

The colony’s prosperity attracted attention from neighboring powers, leading to conflicts with the Illyrian tribes and later with the city-state of Corinth itself. By the late 4th century BCE, Epidamnis had become a key player in the Illyrian Wars, siding with the Illyrians against Macedonian expansion under Philip II and Alexander the Great. Its strategic importance continued under Roman rule, as it became part of the Roman province of Epirus Nova.

Today, the ruins of Epidamnis are partially preserved and studied by archaeologists. Excavations have uncovered remnants of its walls, temples, and public buildings, offering insights into its ancient Greek and Illyrian cultural influences. The site remains a significant historical landmark, reflecting the broader interactions between Greek colonization and indigenous Illyrian societies in the Mediterranean region.