Entesopatía

Entesopatía refers to a condition affecting the entheses, which are the sites where tendons or ligaments attach to bone. These areas are crucial for transmitting forces between muscles and bones, allowing for movement. Enthesopathies can manifest as pain, stiffness, and reduced function in the affected joint.

The causes of entesopatía are varied and can include overuse, trauma, inflammatory conditions such as spondyloarthritis (which includes conditions like ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis), and certain genetic predispositions. Overuse is a common factor, particularly in athletes or individuals with physically demanding jobs, leading to repetitive stress on the entheses. Inflammatory processes can cause the entheses to become inflamed and thickened, leading to pain and discomfort.

Symptoms typically involve localized pain at the point of tendon or ligament attachment, which may worsen with activity and improve with rest. Swelling and tenderness are also common. The location of pain will depend on the specific enthesis involved, with common sites including the heel (Achilles tendon), elbow (tennis elbow, golfer's elbow), and shoulder.

Diagnosis usually involves a physical examination to identify tender spots and assess range of motion. Imaging techniques such as ultrasound or MRI can help visualize inflammation or damage to the entheses. Treatment aims to reduce pain and inflammation, restore function, and prevent further injury. This may include rest, physical therapy, pain medication, corticosteroid injections, and addressing any underlying inflammatory conditions.