Enkriptimi

Enkriptimi, also known as encryption, is the process of converting readable information (plaintext) into an unintelligible form (ciphertext) using algorithms and keys, with the goal of protecting confidentiality during storage or transmission. The intended recipient, who possesses the correct decryption key, can reverse the process to recover the original data. The strength of enkriptimi depends on the algorithm, the key length, and how keys are managed.

There are two main types: symmetric encryption, where the same key is used to encrypt and decrypt, and asymmetric encryption, which uses a public key for encryption and a private key for decryption. Symmetric algorithms such as AES are fast and suitable for bulk data, while asymmetric algorithms such as RSA or elliptic curve cryptography enable secure key exchange and digital identities. Modern systems often combine both in hybrid approaches, using asymmetric methods to exchange a symmetric session key, which then encrypts the data.

Authenticated encryption schemes, like AES-GCM or ChaCha20-Poly1305, provide both confidentiality and integrity, preventing tampering. Proper enkriptimi also requires robust key management, secure key generation, storage, rotation, and access controls. Weaknesses include weak keys, poorly protected keys, or insecure modes of operation (e.g., using ECB mode).

Applications of enkriptimi are widespread: securing communications over networks (TLS/HTTPS), protecting data at rest on devices and servers, securing emails, and enabling private messaging.

The field is governed by cryptographic standards and best practices, evolving to address advances in computing power and new threat models.