Energiankeräyssovellukset

Energiankeräyssovellukset, known in English as energy harvesting applications, refer to systems and devices that capture small amounts of ambient energy from the environment and convert it into electrical energy to power small electronic devices. This harvested energy can then be used to operate sensors, wireless devices, and other low-power electronics, thereby reducing or eliminating the need for traditional batteries.

The primary sources of ambient energy suitable for harvesting include vibrational energy, thermal energy, solar energy, and radio frequency (RF) energy. Vibrational energy harvesters utilize piezoelectric or electromagnetic principles to convert mechanical vibrations into electricity. Thermal energy harvesters, often based on thermoelectric generators (TEGs), exploit temperature differences to produce power. Solar energy harvesting employs photovoltaic cells, similar to those used in larger solar panels, to convert sunlight into electrical energy. RF energy harvesting captures electromagnetic waves from sources like Wi-Fi signals or broadcast towers.

These applications are particularly beneficial for Internet of Things (IoT) devices, wearable electronics, and remote sensors where battery replacement is difficult or impractical. For example, an IoT sensor in a remote location could be powered by a solar or vibrational energy harvester, operating autonomously for extended periods. Wearable fitness trackers might incorporate thermoelectric generators to capture body heat or piezoelectric elements to convert movement into power. The development of energy harvesting technologies aims to enable self-sustaining electronic systems, leading to more sustainable and maintenance-free solutions.