Endotheliitis

Endotheliitis is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of the endothelium, which is the inner lining of blood vessels. This inflammation can affect various types of blood vessels, including arteries, veins, and capillaries, throughout the body. The causes of endotheliitis are diverse and can include infections, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory conditions, and exposure to certain toxins or medications.

When the endothelium becomes inflamed, its normal functions are disrupted. The endothelium plays a crucial role in regulating blood flow, preventing blood clots, and controlling the passage of substances into and out of the bloodstream. Inflammation can impair these functions, leading to a range of complications. These may include increased permeability of blood vessels, allowing fluid and inflammatory cells to leak into surrounding tissues, and a pro-thrombotic state, increasing the risk of blood clot formation.

Symptoms of endotheliitis can vary widely depending on the location and severity of the inflammation. They may include fever, fatigue, and localized swelling or pain. In more severe cases, endotheliitis can contribute to organ damage. Diagnosis often involves a combination of clinical evaluation, laboratory tests to identify underlying causes, and sometimes tissue biopsies to confirm the presence of inflammation in the endothelium. Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying cause and managing the inflammatory process.