Elektrolumineszence

Elektrolumineszence is an optical and electrical phenomenon where a material emits light in response to the passage of an electric current or a strong electric field. This light emission is not due to heat, as in incandescent lamps, but rather from the excitation of electrons within the material. When an electric field is applied, electrons and holes within the electroluminescent material recombine, releasing energy in the form of photons, which we perceive as light.

The efficiency and color of the emitted light depend on the specific material used. Various materials exhibit electroluminescence, including inorganic semiconductors like gallium nitride (GaN) and organic semiconducting polymers. The color of the light is determined by the band gap of the material and the energy levels involved in the electron-hole recombination process.

Elektrolumineszcent devices have found applications in a wide range of technologies. They are commonly used in lighting applications such as backlights for liquid crystal displays (LCDs) in televisions, monitors, and mobile devices. Their ability to produce thin, flexible, and uniform light sources makes them ideal for these purposes. Other applications include decorative lighting, illuminated signs, and even in certain types of sensors. The development of electroluminescent materials continues to advance, aiming for higher brightness, improved efficiency, and a wider spectrum of colors.