Eifel

The Eifel is a low mountain range in western Germany and parts of eastern Belgium, forming part of the western section of the Rhenish Massif. It stretches across North Rhine-Westphalia and Rhineland-Palatinate, with smaller extensions into Belgium. The landscape features forested hills, river valleys, and notable volcanic landforms. The region is commonly divided into subregions such as the High Eifel, East Eifel, West Eifel, and Schnee Eifel. The highest point is the Hohe Acht, at 747 meters above sea level.

Geology and landscape: The Eifel’s current topography owes much to volcanic activity in the Miocene to Pliocene epochs. It contains a number of maars, water-filled eruption craters, including Pulvermaar, Weinfelder Maar, and Schalkenmehrener Maar near Daun. The Laacher See, a large crater lake further east, is one of the region’s best-known volcanic landmarks. The Eifel National Park, established in 2004, protects a portion of the High Eifel and its habitats.

Human history and culture: The Eifel has long been a rural, sparsely populated area with settlements dating back to ancient times. In modern history it developed as a tourist and agricultural region, with towns such as Monschau, Daun, Gerolstein, and Bad Münstereifel. The area is known for hiking, cycling, and nature-focused tourism, as well as its scenic villages and cultural heritage.

Ecology and conservation: The Eifel’s forests host a mix of deciduous and coniferous trees and a variety of wildlife. Conservation efforts emphasize maintaining habitats, promoting sustainable tourism, and protecting key natural features and landscapes within parks and reserves.