Eesnäärmepõletik

Eesnäärmepõletik, also known as esophagitis, is an inflammation of the esophagus, the muscular tube that connects the throat to the stomach. This condition can be caused by various factors, including infections, irritation from certain foods or beverages, or underlying medical conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or allergies. Symptoms of esophagitis may include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, heartburn, and a persistent cough.

The most common cause of esophagitis is GERD, where stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, leading to irritation and inflammation. Other causes include infections with bacteria, viruses, or fungi, as well as exposure to irritants such as tobacco smoke, alcohol, or certain medications. Allergies to foods or other substances can also trigger esophagitis.

Diagnosis of esophagitis typically involves a physical examination, medical history, and various tests. Endoscopy, a procedure where a thin tube with a camera is inserted into the esophagus, is often used to visualize the affected area and collect tissue samples for further analysis. Other diagnostic tools may include pH monitoring, which measures the acidity in the esophagus, and blood tests to check for signs of infection.

Treatment for esophagitis depends on the underlying cause. For GERD, lifestyle changes such as avoiding trigger foods, eating smaller meals, and not lying down immediately after eating may be recommended. Medications, including proton pump inhibitors, H2 blockers, and antacids, can help reduce acid production or neutralize stomach acid. In cases of infection, antibiotics or antifungal medications may be prescribed. In severe cases, hospitalization and intravenous fluids may be necessary to manage dehydration and other complications.

Prevention of esophagitis involves maintaining a healthy lifestyle, avoiding known triggers, and managing underlying conditions such as GERD. Regular medical check-ups and prompt treatment of any symptoms can help prevent complications and improve overall health.