Ectotérmico

Ectotérmico is a term used in biology to describe organisms that rely on external sources of heat to regulate their body temperature. These animals, often referred to as "cold-blooded," have body temperatures that fluctuate with the environment. This contrasts with endothermic organisms, which generate their own internal heat.

Examples of ectothermic animals include reptiles, amphibians, fish, and insects. To maintain an optimal body temperature for physiological processes like digestion and muscle activity, ectotherms often seek out sunny spots for warmth or move to cooler areas when they overheat. Behavioral thermoregulation is therefore a crucial aspect of their survival.

The metabolic rate of ectotherms is generally lower than that of endotherms, meaning they require less food. This can be an advantage in environments where food is scarce. However, ectotherms are more vulnerable to extreme temperatures; prolonged exposure to cold can slow their metabolism to a point where they become inactive or even die, while excessive heat can lead to dehydration and overheating. Their dependence on external heat sources limits their ability to thrive in very cold climates.