Earthmass

Earthmass is a unit of mass equal to the mass of the planet Earth. It is commonly denoted M⊕ and is used as a convenient reference in astronomy and planetary science when describing the masses of planets, moons, and other bodies.

The standard value for one Earth mass is about 5.9722 × 10^24 kilograms. In other commonly used units, 1 M⊕ is roughly 3.003 × 10^-6 solar masses and about 0.00315 Jupiter masses (since 1 Jupiter mass is about 317.8 Earth masses). This makes Earth masses a practical scale for comparing planetary masses, especially in exoplanet studies.

Use of the Earth mass facilitates intuitive comparisons of planetary size and composition. It is widely employed in exoplanet catalogs and in mass–radius and formation models to distinguish between rocky and gaseous worlds, and to express uncertainties when only partial mass information is available.

Notes: The Earth’s mass is well constrained by measurements, but it is not a defined constant; the value is subject to revision as measurements improve. The unit denotes mass only and does not encode orbital properties or other characteristics of the body.