E500

E500 is the European Union designation for a group of inorganic food additives within the E-number coding system. The code covers bicarbonates and carbonates used as leavening agents, acidity regulators, and processing aids in a variety of foods. The most well-known compound in this group is sodium bicarbonate, commonly known as baking soda. The E500 category also includes related bicarbonates and carbonates used for similar purposes.

In food applications, sodium bicarbonate reacts with acids to release carbon dioxide, which helps dough and batter rise in baking. It also functions as a buffering agent to regulate acidity in beverages, dairy products, and processed foods. Related bicarbonates and carbonates within the E500 family can serve as processing aids or functional ingredients in powders and other formulations, contributing to texture, stability, or pH control.

Regulatory and safety notes: In the European Union, additives assigned the E500 designation are approved for use in many foods within specified limits and must be listed on ingredient labels as E500 or under the specific salt designation. Sodium bicarbonate and other E500 salts are generally regarded as safe for ordinary consumption, but excessive intake can cause gastrointestinal symptoms or metabolic disturbances. Individuals on low-sodium diets or with certain medical conditions should monitor sodium content. As with all food additives, E500 compounds are subject to regulatory oversight and usage limits to ensure safety and appropriate labeling.