E213

E213, or ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, is a preservative in the paraben family that is assigned the European E number E213. It is the ethyl ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid and has antimicrobial properties that help extend the shelf life of certain products. As with other parabens, it is used to inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi and is sometimes combined with other preservatives to broaden effectiveness. In cosmetics, it may be found in creams, lotions, deodorants, and personal care products; it has also appeared in some food and pharmaceutical formulations, depending on regional regulations.

Regulatory status varies by region. In the European Union and other jurisdictions that regulate food and cosmetic additives by the E numbering system, E213 is permitted in some products at specified concentrations, though its use is often restricted or monitored due to safety reviews of parabens. Some regions have tightened restrictions on parabens in certain product categories, and many manufacturers offer paraben-free alternatives in response to consumer demand. In consumer products, labeling may indicate the presence of parabens, including ethyl paraben, to aid selection.

Safety and public perception: Parabens, including ethyl parahydroxybenzoate, have been studied for potential estrogenic activity in laboratory tests. Regulatory assessments generally consider exposure at permitted levels to pose low risk for the general population, but ongoing research and consumer concerns have driven ongoing reevaluation and the development of paraben-free formulations.

See also: Paraben, E numbers, Food additive.