E140a

E140a is a European food additive code for a chlorophyll derivative used as a green colorant. It is one of the chlorophylls and chlorophyllins family (E140). E140a specifically denotes the copper chlorophyllin complex, a water-soluble derivative of chlorophyll formed by complexing natural chlorophyll with copper.

Applications and scope: It is used to color foods and beverages that require a green hue, and is also used in some non-food products where coloring is permitted, such as certain cosmetics and personal care items. Its use is governed by regulatory limits that vary by product type and jurisdiction.

Properties: Copper chlorophyllin is more water-soluble than natural chlorophyll, which can improve dispersion in formulations. The color stability of E140a depends on factors such as light exposure, temperature, and pH; it may fade under unfavorable conditions. The additive is typically used in small concentrations to achieve the desired green shade.

Safety and regulation: In the European Union, E140a is an approved colorant with use restrictions specific to product category, and labeling requirements mandate the E number on ingredient lists. Safety assessments by authorities such as EFSA and JECFA have found chlorophyll derivatives to pose no significant safety concerns at approved levels, though individuals with hypersensitivity or intolerance to chlorophyllin-containing products may react differently. As with all color additives, exposure levels and uses are monitored to ensure consumer safety.

See also: E140.