Dêrêv

Dêrêv is a term with historical and cultural significance, primarily associated with the region of Kurdistan. It refers to a communal system of land ownership and agricultural practice that was prevalent for centuries. Under the dêrêv system, land was typically owned by the community or tribal elders, and individuals or families were allocated plots to cultivate. This allocation was often based on need and a collective agreement, emphasizing cooperation and shared responsibility rather than individual private ownership.

The primary purpose of the dêrêv system was to ensure the sustenance and well-being of the entire community, especially in rural and often isolated areas. It fostered a strong sense of solidarity and mutual dependence among villagers. The agricultural cycle, from planting to harvesting, was often a collective effort, with neighbors assisting each other. This system also played a role in social organization, as decisions regarding land use and distribution were made through community councils or by respected elders.

While the dêrêv system provided a framework for social and economic stability, it also faced challenges. External political pressures, the rise of state-controlled land ownership, and economic modernization gradually led to its decline in many areas. Today, elements of the traditional dêrêv system may persist in some rural communities, but its widespread implementation has largely been replaced by modern land tenure practices. The legacy of dêrêv, however, continues to be recognized as an important aspect of Kurdish agrarian history and social structure.