Dévolution
Dévolution is the transfer of some powers from a central government to subnational authorities within a unitary state. It involves delegating legislative, administrative, and often fiscal responsibilities while the central government retains the ultimate legal authority. Devolution is distinct from federalism in that sovereignty remains with the central powers in most formulations, and the devolved authorities’ powers can be altered or withdrawn by the central government.
Typically, devolved powers cover areas such as health, education, transport, housing, and local government administration. The
Devolution often occurs within an asymmetrical framework, where different subnational regions receive different sets of powers.
overarching powers and can modify or revoke devolved competencies.
Other countries use devolution to address regional demands without adopting a federal system. Spain’s autonomous communities,
Critiques of devolution focus on potential policy divergence, fiscal imbalance, and constitutional tension, while supporters emphasize