Dvojvlákno

Dvojvlákno is a Czech term that translates to "double strand" or "two strands." It most commonly refers to the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). DNA is a molecule that carries the genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all known organisms and many viruses. Its structure is a double helix, composed of two complementary polynucleotide strands. These strands are arranged in an antiparallel fashion, meaning they run in opposite directions. The two strands are held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs: adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C). This double-stranded nature is crucial for DNA replication and for maintaining genetic stability.

In a broader, more general context, dvojvlákno can simply describe any physical object or concept that consists of two intertwined or parallel strands. This could apply to materials like ropes, threads, or even certain types of electrical wiring. The principle remains the same: two distinct units bound together to form a more complex structure. The specific meaning of dvojvlákno is usually determined by the context in which it is used. However, its most prominent scientific association is with the fundamental building block of heredity, DNA.