Drehmomentwelligkeiten

Drehmomentwelligkeiten, or torque wave-like variations, refer to periodic fluctuations in a rotating system's torque output, typically caused by unbalanced loads, disc or shaft flexibilities, or gear mesh irregularities. The phenomenon is analogous to harmonic vibrations in rotational motion and is usually expressed in terms of amplitude and frequency relative to the rotational speed.

Causes of torque welligkeit include geometric mismatch at gear teeth, radial and axial run-out of rotating shafts, and slip in clutches or bearings. In electric motors, significant current harmonics or pulsed torque from inverter drives can also introduce torque waves. The result is a cyclical modulation of torque, which can lead to mechanical stress, increased vibration, and reduced component life.

Measurement techniques involve torque transducers mounted on the drive shaft, often coupled with vibration analysis or spectral density tools. Data acquisition systems capture the instantaneous torque profile, allowing engineers to identify dominant harmonic frequencies and quantify their amplitudes. Signal processing methods such as Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) separate torque welligkeit components from steady-state torque.

Mitigation strategies focus on balancing, shot-blasting or polishing of rotating components, precise gear tooth profiling, and the use of dampers or preloaded bearings. In many industrial applications, inclusion of isolation mounts and optimized shaft lengths reduces the transmission of torque waves to connected equipment.

Drehmomentwelligkeiten are a concern in high-speed drivetrain design, robotic joints, wind turbine generators, and precision machining where even modest torque oscillations can degrade performance or induce fatigue. Recognizing and addressing torque wave-like variations improves reliability, reduces maintenance costs, and enhances overall system efficiency.