Donotresuscitate

Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) is a medical order directing that CPR should not be attempted if a patient experiences cardiac or respiratory arrest. DNR orders are typically part of advance care planning and reflect a patient’s preferences regarding life-sustaining interventions. Documentation is placed in the patient’s medical record and, where available, as a physician order (e.g., POLST/MOLST or similar forms).

DNR is distinct from limitations on other treatments; it covers resuscitation only and does not, by itself, set limits on other care such as antibiotics, oxygen, or palliative measures. A DNR can be combined with broader plans for comfort-focused care or no escalation of treatment. Patients or surrogate decision-makers can revoke or modify a DNR with clinician involvement.

Process and scope: Decisions are ideally made after informed discussion about prognosis, values, and quality of life. Capacity is assessed; surrogates may decide if the patient lacks capacity. DNR status can be documented on a POLST/MOLST or equivalent form and should be reviewed regularly, especially with changes in health status.

Legal and ethical aspects: DNR respects patient autonomy and aims to avoid non-beneficial or unwanted resuscitation. It is influenced by local laws, institutional policies, and professional guidelines. DNR is separate from withholding or withdrawing other life-sustaining treatments, and it does not imply consent to death or refusal of comfort care.

Variants and terminology: In some regions, terms include “Do Not Attempt Resuscitation,” “No CPR,” or “DNI” (Do Not Intubate) as part of broader orders. The exact authority and portability of DNR orders vary by jurisdiction and setting.