respects

Respect, in its broad sense, refers to a positive regard for the rights, feelings, wishes, or traditions of others, as well as for standards, rules, or values. The word respects can function as the third-person singular present tense of the verb to respect (he respects) or as a plural noun referring to individual expressions of respect, such as acts or gestures. In everyday usage, respect is often treated as a mass noun, while respects appears in fixed phrases like paying one’s respects or giving one’s respects.

Etymologically, respect derives from Latin respectus, meaning regard or consideration, and entered English through Old French and Middle English usage. Over time, the concept has maintained its core sense of esteem and consideration, while expanding to encompass various social and cultural applications.

In social and ethical contexts, respect involves recognizing another’s autonomy, dignity, and rights. It can be shown through language, behavior, and adherence to cultural or professional norms. Respect for others may include politeness, nonabusive communication, and willingness to consider different viewpoints. Related ideas include self-respect, which concerns personal dignity, and mutual respect, which underpins cooperative relationships, institutions, and communities. Respect is also invoked in phrases such as respect for the law, respect for cultural differences, and respect in professional settings.

Culturally, expectations surrounding respect vary. Some societies emphasize hierarchical deference, while others prioritize egalitarian acknowledgment of individuals’ rights. Across contexts, fostering respect is typically associated with trust, cooperation, and social harmony. Related terms include esteem, regard, honor, and courtesy.