Diploidalna

Diploidalna is an adjective used in biology, particularly in genetics and cytology, to describe something relating to diploidy—the state of having two complete sets of chromosomes. In this sense, a diploidal genome or a diploidal cell contains two homologous chromosome sets (denoted 2n), one inherited from each parent. The term is commonly applied to describe cells, tissues, or organisms with a diploid genetic constitution, and it is contrasted with haploidalna (having a single set, n) and with polyploidalna (having more than two sets).

Biological context focuses on the distinction between diploidy and other ploidy levels. In most animals and many plants, somatic (body) cells are diploidal, while gametes (sperm and egg) are haploidal. Fertilization restores the diploid state by pairing two haploid genomes. During meiosis, diploidal germ cells reduce their chromosome number to haploid gametes, ensuring genetic continuity across generations. Some organisms may alternate between diploid and haploid phases, or exist predominantly in one phase depending on life cycle and reproductive strategy.

In notation and terminology, “diploidalna” may modify feminine nouns, for example komórka diploidalna (a diploid cell) or liczba chromosomów diploidalna (the diploid chromosome complement). The concept is central to discussions of genetics, evolution, and cytogenetics, where comparisons between diploid, haploid, and polyploid states help explain inheritance patterns, chromosome behavior, and species diversity.