Cyanidstoffwechsel

Cyanidstoffwechsel refers to the metabolic process by which the body breaks down and processes cyanide, a naturally occurring but highly toxic compound. While small amounts of cyanide are present in various foods and substances, the body has evolved mechanisms to handle these amounts. The primary route of cyanide metabolism involves the enzyme rhodanese, which converts cyanide into thiocyanate.

Thiocyanate is then excreted in the urine and is considered relatively harmless in small amounts. However, in individuals with compromised rhodanese activity or in cases of acute cyanide poisoning, thiocyanate levels can increase and potentially cause harm. Another enzyme, sulfate-reducing bacteria, and the liver play a supporting role in cyanide metabolism, converting cyanide into less toxic compounds.

Cyanide toxicity can occur through various exposure routes, including inhalation of hydrogen cyanide or other cyanide-containing compounds, ingestion of cyanide-rich foods or substances, or through industrial exposure. Severe cyanide poisoning can cause respiratory failure, cardiovascular collapse, and neurological damage, making prompt medical treatment critical in high-exposure cases.

While certain medical conditions, such as cyanide poisoning, can impact the efficient removal of cyanide, normal bodily functions enable the timely detoxification of cyanide. Research on the cyanidstoffwechsel continues, focusing on understanding mechanisms of cyanide metabolism and identifying potential therapeutic targets for treating cyanide-related illnesses.