Cultivarit

Cultivarit is a term used in agriculture and horticulture to refer to a specific variety of a plant that has been cultivated by humans. It is distinct from a wild species, as it has been selected and bred for desirable characteristics such as improved yield, disease resistance, size, color, flavor, or growth habit. The term itself is derived from "cultivated variety."

Cultivars are often developed through selective breeding, hybridization, or genetic modification. Once a desirable trait is identified, plants exhibiting that trait are propagated, either sexually through seeds or asexually through cuttings, grafting, or tissue culture, to maintain their unique characteristics. This ensures that the offspring are true to the parent plant and possess the desired qualities.

Examples of cultivars are abundant in everyday life. Many of the fruits, vegetables, and ornamental flowers we encounter are cultivars. For instance, the Gala apple, the Roma tomato, and the Peace rose are all specific cultivars. They are part of larger plant species but have been specifically developed and named to differentiate them from other varieties.

The naming of cultivars follows international guidelines, often involving a scientific name (genus and species) followed by a cultivar epithet, which is typically enclosed in single quotation marks. For example, *Malus domestica* 'Gala'. This systematic approach helps in clear identification and communication within the scientific and agricultural communities. Cultivars are essential for modern agriculture, providing the food and ornamental plants that are widely grown and consumed.