Crosswords

A crossword is a word puzzle featuring a grid of white and black squares. Words are entered across (left to right) and down (top to bottom). Clues are provided for each entry, typically in Across and Down lists. Black squares separate words, and many puzzles use grid symmetry for balance.

Crosswords were invented in 1913 by Arthur Wynne for the New York World, initially diamond-shaped and called Word-Cross. They quickly gained popularity, especially in the United States, where the American-style crossword developed an emphasis on a single solution, symmetrical grids, and themed long entries. The standard modern American grid is commonly 15 by 15.

Clue styles vary by tradition. American crosswords typically rely on straightforward definitions with occasional wordplay and emphasize crossings of letters. British cryptic crosswords, common in the UK and elsewhere, use wordplay devices such as anagrams, homophones, containers, and double definitions. Other forms include barred grids, diagramless puzzles, and various themed or novelty puzzles.

Crosswords appear daily in newspapers, magazines, and online platforms. Constructors design grids, fill them with words, and write clues that meet editorial standards. Solving involves cross-checking letters, spotting common crossword answers, and recognizing theme patterns. The activity supports a broad community, with tournaments, publications, and digital tools that facilitate practice and collaboration.