Cotutelle

Cotutelle, short for cotutelle de thèse, is a doctoral supervision arrangement in which a candidate is jointly supervised by professors at two universities, often in different countries. The aim is to conduct doctoral research under a single thesis that is defended and awarded by both institutions. The arrangement is formalized in a cotutelle agreement that lays out the research plan, supervision modalities, residency requirements at each university, language of the thesis, funding, and compliance with each institution’s doctoral regulations. The student typically spends substantial periods at each partner university and must meet the academic requirements of both.

Upon successful completion, the degree is awarded by both institutions; in practice this may involve a single doctoral degree recognized by both parties or, in some cases, two diplomas depending on the agreement. The defense is typically conducted in the presence of both institutions’ exam committees, though the exact format varies.

Advantages include broader supervision and access to resources, exposure to different research cultures, and enhanced international mobility and recognition. Challenges include administrative complexity, funding and visa considerations, differences in timelines and degree requirements, and the need for careful coordination of calendars and language expectations.

Geographically, cotutelle programs are especially common in Europe, with France playing a prominent role, but they are also offered in other regions such as Canada (Québec), and increasingly in other international collaborations. Participation is determined by institutional policies and funding availability.