Coprinaceae

Coprinaceae is a family of fungi that includes many species commonly known as inky caps. These mushrooms are characterized by their deliquescent gills, meaning the gills autodigest into a black, inky liquid as the spores mature. This process aids in spore dispersal as the liquid can be carried by water or insects. The family was historically a large and diverse group, but recent phylogenetic studies have led to significant reclassifications. Many genera formerly placed within Coprinaceae are now recognized as belonging to separate families, such as Agaricaceae, Psathyrellaceae, and Bolbitiaceae.

Species within the Coprinaceae family exhibit a wide range of morphologies and ecological roles. Some are saprotrophic, decomposing organic matter in soil, wood, or dung, while others have more specific associations. Edibility varies greatly among the species; some are considered edible when young, like Coprinopsis atramentaria (the common inky cap), though consumption of this species with alcohol can cause a disulfiram-like reaction. Many others are inedible or poisonous. The inky cap phenomenon is a striking visual characteristic that has made these mushrooms a subject of interest for mycologists and amateur enthusiasts alike. The taxonomic status of Coprinaceae continues to be refined as more genetic data becomes available.