Containerfrakt

Containerfrakt refers to the transport of goods in standardized intermodal containers, typically by ocean freight, but also by rail and road. It encompasses both the physical movement of containers and the related freight charges, and it is a core element of global trade logistics.

Containers are standardized by ISO. The most common sizes are 20-foot and 40-foot dry containers, with high-cube variants offering additional height. Refrigerated containers, or reefers, are used for temperature-controlled cargo. The use of standardized containers enables intermodal transport, where a single load can be transferred between ships, trucks, and trains with minimal handling.

The industry involves carriers (shipping lines), freight forwarders, and logistics providers. Shipments are booked through freight forwarders or directly with carriers. The bill of lading documents the contract of carriage, while Incoterms define the allocation of responsibilities between buyer and seller. Goods can be shipped as full-container-load (FCL) or less-than-container-load (LCL), depending on volume.

Pricing and terms are influenced by supply and demand, fuel costs, and capacity. Freight rates may be quoted as spot rates or under long-term contracts. Additional charges can include port handling, terminal fees, and inland transportation. The process typically moves from packing and containerization at origin to ocean transport, port discharge, customs clearance, and onward delivery to the final destination.

Trends in containerfrakt include greater digitalization, real-time tracking, and consolidation through carrier alliances. Ongoing focus areas are efficiency, reliability, and environmental sustainability, with industry efforts toward decarbonization and more transparent pricing.