Conservador

Conservador is a Spanish term that can function as an adjective or a noun. As an adjective it describes something related to conserving, preserving, or maintaining the status quo. As a noun, it refers to a person who adheres to conservatism, a political or social philosophy that emphasizes tradition, social order, and gradual change. Etymology traces the word to conservar, from Latin conservare “to preserve.”

In politics, conservatism values tradition, authority, property rights, and a cautious approach to change. Proponents often argue that institutions such as the family, church, and the rule of law provide social stability, and they favor incremental reforms rather than rapid upheaval. Economic views vary, but conservatism commonly includes support for market-based systems with a limited role for the state in the economy, paired with policies aimed at preserving social cohesion and national heritage.

Regional usage varies. In Spanish-speaking countries, conservador is used both descriptively and as the name of political movements. Historically in Spain, conservative factions played a major role in the 19th century. In Latin America, several states have or had parties called Partido Conservador or conservadores, including in Colombia and Chile, among others; these movements typically positioned themselves against liberal reforms and favored order, centralized authority, and traditional social norms.

Contemporary usage of the term is broad and context-dependent. While it retains core associations with tradition and gradualism, the specific policy platforms and shift along the spectrum from classical to traditionalist conservatism depend on national history and institutions.