Coníferas

Coníferas are a group of plants belonging to the division Pinophyta. They are characterized by bearing their seeds in cones. This is a defining feature, distinguishing them from flowering plants (angiosperms) which enclose their seeds within fruits. Conifers are predominantly evergreen, meaning they retain their leaves year-round, though there are exceptions like the Larch (Larix) which is deciduous.

The leaves of most conifers are needle-like or scale-like, adapted to reduce water loss and withstand harsh conditions. Their woody stems produce secondary growth, leading to the formation of timber, which is a valuable resource for construction, fuel, and paper production. Conifers are found in a wide range of climates, from boreal forests to temperate and even some tropical regions, often dominating ecosystems where other trees struggle to survive.

Reproduction in conifers involves wind pollination. Male cones release pollen, which is carried by the wind to fertilize ovules within female cones. After fertilization, the female cone develops, maturing and eventually releasing its seeds, often winged for dispersal by wind or animals. Common examples of conifers include pines, spruces, firs, cedars, and junipers. They play a crucial role in carbon sequestration and providing habitat for numerous species.