CoilFedern

Coilfedern, in German often referred to as coil springs, are mechanical springs formed by winding a wire into a helical shape. They store energy and apply force when compressed, stretched, or twisted. Coilfedern are used in a wide range of devices and systems, from watches and small appliances to automobiles and industrial machinery.

Types include compression springs, which resist axial compression; extension (tension) springs, which resist stretching; and torsion springs, which exert a torque when twisted. Some designs combine features or are ground to a specific end profile to sit flush or meet space constraints.

Materials and production: Coilfedern are commonly made from carbon steel or alloy steel, with stainless steels and nonferrous alloys used in corrosion‑resistant or specialized applications. The wire is coiled into the desired length and pitch, then heat-treated to achieve required strength. Ends may be ground or left open, and various finishes (zinc plating, painting, or coating) protect against corrosion. Fatigue life can be improved by processes such as shot peening.

Design and specification: Key parameters include free length, outer diameter, wire diameter, spring constant (stiffness), maximum load, and solid height. Engineers consider operating temperature, buckling, and end constraints to ensure reliable performance. Coilfedern are typically tested for load capacity, deflection, and fatigue under expected service cycles.

Applications: Used in automotive suspensions, seat mechanisms, valves, machinery and consumer products. They are often selected based on cost, strength, corrosion resistance, and life expectancy.