Clorito

Clorito refers to the chlorite ion, a polyatomic anion with the chemical formula ClO2-. It consists of a central chlorine atom bonded to two oxygen atoms. The chlorite ion carries a net charge of -1. It is the conjugate base of chlorous acid (HClO2).

Chlorite is an unstable species and is not typically found in isolation. It is usually encountered as a salt, such as sodium chlorite (NaClO2). Sodium chlorite is a white crystalline solid that is soluble in water. It is a strong oxidizing agent and is used in various industrial applications, including water treatment, pulp and paper bleaching, and as a disinfectant.

The chlorite ion plays a role in the production of chlorine dioxide (ClO2), another important industrial chemical. Chlorine dioxide is generated through the oxidation of chlorites, often by means of strong acids or oxidizing agents.

In biological contexts, chlorite is not a naturally occurring ion in living organisms. However, concerns have been raised regarding the presence of chlorite as a disinfection byproduct in drinking water that has been treated with chlorine dioxide. While chlorine dioxide is an effective disinfectant, its breakdown products, including chlorite, can be present in treated water. Regulatory bodies set limits for chlorite levels in drinking water to ensure public health. The health effects of long-term exposure to chlorite are a subject of ongoing research and regulatory scrutiny.