Cirrhitidae

Cirrhitidae is a family of marine ray-finned fish commonly known as hawkfish. They are found in tropical and subtropical waters of the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific Oceans. Hawkfish are characterized by their typically stout bodies, often brightly colored, and prominent tufts of cirri or filaments on their dorsal fins. These cirri are believed to aid in camouflage or sensory perception.

These fish are usually found near coral reefs, rocky shores, and kelp forests, where they inhabit depths ranging from the surface down to approximately 50 meters. They are generally solitary and territorial, often perching motionless on coral heads or rocks, waiting to ambush small invertebrates and fish. Their diet consists primarily of crustaceans, mollusks, and small fish.

Many hawkfish species are hermaphroditic, possessing both male and female reproductive organs, and can change sex during their lifetime, usually from female to male. They are popular in the aquarium trade due to their attractive coloration and interesting behavior, though their predatory nature requires careful consideration when selecting tank mates. Some species, like the common hawkfish (Cirrhitus pinnulatus), are also targeted by recreational anglers.