Chloroacetone

Chloroacetone, also known as 1-chloro-2-propanone, is an organochlorine compound with the formula C3H5ClO. It is a colorless to pale liquid with a sharp, pungent odor. It is primarily used as an intermediate in organic synthesis, notably for the preparation of other α-halo ketones and enones, and as a building block in the synthesis of pharmaceutical and agrochemical compounds.

Preparation and reactions: Chloroacetone is typically prepared by chlorination of acetone at the alpha position, often using chlorine in the presence of a base or catalyst. The molecule features an electrophilic carbon bearing the chlorine, making it reactive toward nucleophiles. In water or alcohol, it hydrolyzes slowly to give 2-hydroxypropanone (hydroxyacetone) and HCl.

Properties and handling: It is a corrosive, irritant liquid that can affect the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. It should be handled under a fume hood with appropriate personal protective equipment. It is incompatible with moisture and nucleophiles; storage should be in a cool, well-ventilated area in tightly closed containers away from moisture and ignition sources.

Safety and regulation: Due to its reactivity and potential hazards, chloroacetone is managed as a hazardous chemical in laboratory and industrial settings, with handling and storage in accordance with applicable safety regulations.