Changthangi

Changthangi, also known as the Pashmina goat, is a special breed of goat primarily found in the Ladakh region of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Renowned for its fine undercoat, Changthangi goats are the primary source of Pashmina wool, a luxurious and highly valued fiber globally. They are well-adapted to the harsh, cold, and high-altitude climate of the Himalayas, thriving at elevations above 14,000 feet.

These goats are medium-sized with a rugged appearance, characterized by long, curved horns and dense, soft fleece. The Pashmina fiber obtained from Changthangi goats is prized for its softness, warmth, and lightweight qualities, making it ideal for premium textiles and garments. The fiber is technically derived from the fine undercoat that the goats shed naturally during the winter season; herders collect these fibers through combing or grooming.

Changthangi goats play a vital role in the local economy and culture. The herding of these goats has traditional significance and provides sustenance for Ladakhi communities. The fiber harvesting process is labor-intensive and requires careful handling to preserve the quality of the wool. The processing of Pashmina from Changthangi goats involves several steps, including sorting, cleaning, and spinning, resulting in a high-quality product known as "pashmina" that commands premium prices worldwide.

Due to overgrazing, climate change, and increasing demand, the population and habitat of Changthangi goats are under pressure. Conservation efforts are ongoing to sustain this breed and the livelihood it supports. Overall, Changthangi remains an important genetic resource and cultural symbol for the Himalayan region.