Centralbanksvalutor

Centralbanksvalutor, often referred to as central bank digital currencies (CBDCs), represent a digital form of a country's fiat currency. Unlike cryptocurrencies, which are decentralized and operate independently of central authorities, CBDCs are issued and backed by the central bank of a nation. They are intended to be a liability of the central bank, just like physical cash. The concept aims to modernize payment systems, enhance financial inclusion, and potentially improve monetary policy implementation.

There are generally two types of CBDCs being explored: wholesale and retail. Wholesale CBDCs are designed for interbank settlements and other wholesale transactions, providing greater efficiency and speed for financial institutions. Retail CBDCs, on the other hand, would be accessible to the general public for everyday transactions, similar to how people use physical cash or commercial bank deposits today. The design and implementation of CBDCs can vary significantly, with considerations around privacy, security, and the potential impact on commercial banks. Many central banks globally are researching or piloting CBDCs, with a few countries already having launched or being close to launching their own digital currencies.