CdSO4

Cadmium sulfate, CdSO4, is an inorganic cadmium salt that appears as a white, odorless crystalline solid. It is highly soluble in water and is typically encountered as an anhydrous salt, though hydrates can form under ambient conditions. The compound is produced commercially as a byproduct of zinc ore processing and can also be prepared by reacting cadmium-containing residues with sulfuric acid or by neutralizing cadmium-containing solutions with sulfate sources.

Chemically, cadmium sulfate dissociates in water to Cd2+ and SO4^2- ions. It thermally decomposes upon heating, eventually yielding cadmium oxide and sulfur trioxide, with sulfur-containing gases released at higher temperatures. In solution, the cadmium ion can participate in further reactions to form other cadmium compounds, making CdSO4 a useful precursor in inorganic synthesis.

Industrial and laboratory uses include serving as a source of cadmium for electroplating and for preparing other cadmium salts. It is also employed in the synthesis of cadmium sulfide pigments and as a reagent in various chemical processes and research applications. Its role as a cadmium source makes it a convenient starting material for producing related cadmium compounds.

Safety and environmental concerns are prominent. Cadmium sulfate is highly toxic; exposure can cause kidney and lung damage and cadmium compounds are classified as carcinogens by several health authorities. Handling requires appropriate personal protective equipment, engineering controls, and waste management practices to prevent environmental release. Releases to water bodies are particularly hazardous due to bioaccumulation and ecological toxicity.