Candidasieniinfektioita

Candidasieniinfektioita, commonly known as candidiasis or thrush, refers to infections caused by fungi belonging to the Candida genus. The most frequent culprit is Candida albicans, a yeast that is a normal inhabitant of the human body, found in the mouth, gut, and on the skin. In healthy individuals, these yeasts are kept in check by the immune system and other microorganisms. However, under certain conditions, Candida can overgrow and cause infection.

Risk factors for developing a candidiasis include a weakened immune system, such as in individuals with HIV/AIDS, those undergoing chemotherapy, or organ transplant recipients. Antibiotic use can disrupt the natural balance of bacteria, allowing Candida to proliferate. Other contributing factors include diabetes, hormonal changes (like during pregnancy), and the use of certain medications such as corticosteroids.

Candidiasis can manifest in various forms depending on the affected body part. Oral thrush, a common type, presents as white patches in the mouth and on the tongue. Vaginal yeast infections are characterized by itching, burning, and discharge. Cutaneous candidiasis affects the skin, particularly in moist areas like the groin or under the breasts, causing redness and rash. Invasive candidiasis occurs when the fungus enters the bloodstream and can affect internal organs, posing a serious threat. Diagnosis is typically made through clinical examination and laboratory tests, such as microscopy or fungal cultures. Treatment usually involves antifungal medications, the choice of which depends on the severity and location of the infection.