CTpulmonografiaa

CTpulmonografiaa, commonly called CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA), is a computed tomography technique that uses intravenous iodinated contrast to image the pulmonary arteries and lung tissue. It is routinely used to diagnose acute pulmonary embolism and to assess thoracic vasculature and parenchyma.

The exam injects contrast via a peripheral vein and acquires chest images during the arterial phase to optimize arterial enhancement. Modern multidetector CT scanners enable rapid, breath-hold acquisitions. Typical protocols use about 60–100 ml of contrast at 4–6 ml/s, with timing aided by bolus tracking.

Indications include suspected pulmonary embolism in chest pain or dyspnea, evaluation of pulmonary hypertension, and assessment of lung infection, nodules, infarcts, or trauma. It is also used for preoperative planning and to guide thoracic procedures.

Safety considerations include radiation exposure and contrast-related risks, especially in kidney impairment or allergy. Hydration and screening for contrast allergy are recommended; alternatives such as V/Q scanning may be used in certain patients, including pregnancy where benefits outweigh risks.

Interpretation focuses on filling defects in the pulmonary arteries and secondary signs of embolism, with assessment of lung parenchyma for infection, edema, effusions, or infarction. Limitations include small emboli, motion or heart-rate artifacts, and contraindications to contrast.

CTPA is a fast, widely available test that provides detailed information about pulmonary vasculature and lungs to aid diagnosis and treatment planning. Results depend on technique, patient factors, and clinical context.