CO2transsport

CO2transport refers to the logistical challenge of moving carbon dioxide from its source of capture to its final destination for storage or utilization. This is a critical step in the carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) chain, aiming to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions by preventing CO2 from entering the atmosphere.

The primary methods for CO2transport are pipelines, ships, and, to a lesser extent, road or rail tankers. Pipelines are generally the most cost-effective and efficient method for transporting large volumes of CO2 over land, especially for established industrial clusters. They require significant upfront investment but offer economies of scale. The CO2 is typically transported in a dense, liquid or supercritical state, which requires maintaining specific pressure and temperature conditions.

Ships are a viable option for transporting CO2 over long distances, particularly across oceans, or to locations where pipeline infrastructure is not feasible. Similar to pipelines, CO2 is transported in a liquefied state under pressure and refrigeration. Road and rail tankers are typically used for smaller volumes or shorter distances, often for initial transport from a capture site to a larger transport hub or for specialized industrial uses.

The development of robust and safe CO2transport networks is essential for the widespread deployment of CCUS technologies. This involves careful consideration of safety regulations, infrastructure development, and economic viability. The choice of transport method depends on factors such as the volume of CO2, the distance to the storage or utilization site, and the existing infrastructure.