CNAs

CNAs, or Certified Nursing Assistants, are frontline healthcare workers who provide basic personal care and assist licensed nurses and other medical staff in patient care. They work in settings such as hospitals, long-term care facilities, and in patients' homes. They play a crucial role in daily living activities and in observing patients’ condition, reporting changes to qualified staff.

Training and certification: Most jurisdictions require completion of a state- or province-approved CNA training program that covers basic nursing skills, infection control, safety, and patient rights; programs culminate in a competency exam. After passing, the candidate is listed on a state or provincial nurse aide registry or CNA registry. Certification often requires background checks and ongoing recertification or continuing education. Recertification timelines vary.

Duties and scope: CNAs assist patients with activities of daily living such as bathing, dressing, eating, toileting, mobility, and help with eating as prescribed. They may take and record vital signs, help with positioning and turning, provide basic skincare, and support patients with mobility aids. They do not perform medical procedures, administer medications, or provide care beyond the scope of their license; supervision by a licensed nurse is typically required.

Work environment and career path: They work in shifts that may include nights and weekends; the job is physically demanding and involves lifting, bending, and exposure to infections. Employers emphasize patient safety and infection control. Career advancement options include pursuing further nursing education to become licensed practical nurses or registered nurses, or taking related programs to become allied health assistants; ongoing education is often required to maintain certification.