CESM
The Community Earth System Model (CESM) is a comprehensive, open-source global climate model designed to simulate the physical and biogeochemical components of the Earth’s climate system. It integrates the atmosphere, ocean, land surface, sea ice, and optional components into a single framework and is used for climate variability studies, historical reconstructions, and future projections. CESM is developed and maintained by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) with contributions from a wide international community of universities and national laboratories, and is supported by a collaborative governance structure and release cycle.
CESM is modular and built on the Earth System Modeling Framework, with core components including the Community
Historically, CESM evolved from the Community Climate System Model (CCSM) and began releasing major versions in
CESM outputs are typically stored in NetCDF format and used by researchers, policymakers, and educators. The