CEMP1

Cementum Protein 1 (CEMP1) is a protein associated with cementum formation in dental tissues and is encoded by the CEMP1 gene in humans. It is considered an extracellular matrix protein involved in the process of cementogenesis, the development and repair of the cementum that covers the tooth root. CEMP1 is predominantly expressed by cementoblasts and other cementum-derived cells in the periodontal region and is linked to mineralization activity during tooth formation and remodeling of the periodontal attachment.

Functionally, CEMP1 is thought to participate in mineralization by promoting calcium phosphate deposition and hydroxyapatite crystal formation. It is viewed as a matrix-associated factor that may provide nucleation sites or modulate mineral growth, contributing to the formation of cellular or acellular cementum. The protein is typically studied in the context of dental tissue engineering and biomineralization research, where it is examined for its ability to influence mineralized matrix development.

In research and clinical contexts, CEMP1 has attracted interest for regenerative dentistry applications. Investigations explore whether CEMP1 or its functional domains can enhance cementum regeneration and periodontal attachment, offering potential strategies for repairing root surfaces and periodontal defects. While laboratory studies support a role in mineralization, the precise physiological regulation, interactions with other matrix components, and in vivo functions of CEMP1 continue to be areas of active study.

Overall, CEMP1 is recognized as a cementum-associated protein with a reported role in mineralization processes, and it remains a focus of ongoing research into dental tissue regeneration and biomineralization mechanisms.