CD23negative

CD23-negative refers to a specific subtype of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), a type of cancer that originates from immature B-lymphocytes. The term "CD23-negative" is used to describe B-ALL cases that do not express the CD23 surface antigen, which is a marker typically found on the surface of B-cells. This subtype is significant because it is associated with a more favorable prognosis compared to CD23-positive B-ALL.

The CD23-negative subtype is characterized by a distinct genetic profile, often involving specific chromosomal abnormalities such as t(9;22)(q34;q11), which results in the fusion of the BCR and ABL1 genes, leading to the production of the BCR-ABL1 protein. This genetic alteration is also found in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and is associated with a good response to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) like imatinib.

The CD23-negative subtype is further classified into two main groups based on the presence or absence of the t(12;21)(p13;q22) translocation, which results in the E2A-PBX1 fusion protein. Patients with the t(12;21) translocation have a better prognosis compared to those without it.

The diagnosis of CD23-negative B-ALL is typically made through a combination of clinical evaluation, flow cytometry, and molecular genetic testing. Treatment strategies for this subtype often include chemotherapy regimens, such as hyper-CVAD (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone), and may also involve TKIs for patients with the t(9;22) translocation. The prognosis for CD23-negative B-ALL is generally good, with high complete remission rates and long-term survival.