CAT5eCAT6

Cat5e and Cat6 are copper twisted-pair Ethernet cable standards defined by the Telecommunications Industry Association. Cat5e, an enhanced version of Cat5, was designed to improve performance and reduce crosstalk, making it suitable for standard gigabit Ethernet. Cat6 offers higher performance with stricter specifications for crosstalk and system noise, supporting higher data rates in shorter distances and generally providing better stability in busy networks. Both cables use RJ-45 connectors, come in unshielded (UTP) and shielded (STP) variants, and are backward compatible with earlier categories.

Cat5e cables are rated for frequencies up to 100 MHz and are intended to support 1000BASE-T up to 100 meters. Cat6 cables are rated up to 250 MHz and, depending on construction, can carry 10GBASE-T up to 55 meters and 1000BASE-T up to 100 meters. Cat6 cables commonly feature tighter twists and, in some designs, a plastic separator to reduce crosstalk; they may be shielded or unshielded, with shielded versions offering additional interference resistance in noisy environments.

In practice, choice depends on network needs and budget. Cat5e remains common in existing installations and is sufficient for many home networks. Cat6 is preferred for new builds or environments demanding higher speeds, reduced crosstalk, or longer-term headroom, though the cost and installation considerations are higher. Both standards are compatible with standard network hardware, and actual performance depends on the entire link, including connectors, patch panels, and network equipment.