C7H5N

C7H5N is benzonitrile, also called benzenecarbonitrile. It is an aromatic nitrile consisting of a benzene ring bearing a single cyano group. The molecule is commonly described as a colorless liquid at room temperature with relatively low water solubility and good solubility in many organic solvents.

Industrial production and occurrence: Benzonitrile is primarily produced by ammoxidation of toluene in the presence of ammonia and oxygen over metal oxide catalysts. It can also be prepared by dehydration of benzamide. It is a manufactured chemical used as an intermediate in various industrial syntheses, rather than a naturally occurring compound in any significant amount.

Applications and uses: Benzonitrile serves as a versatile chemical intermediate in organic synthesis. It is used in the production of dyes, fragrances, and pharmaceutical compounds. It can be hydrolyzed to benzoic acid, or transformed into various amines and other derivatives, making it a useful building block in aromatic chemistry.

Properties and safety: Benzonitrile is a relatively stable, flammable liquid. It is toxic if inhaled or absorbed and should be handled with appropriate ventilation and personal protective equipment. It is sparingly soluble in water and is more soluble in organic solvents. Proper storage requires protection from heat, light, and oxidizing agents, in accordance with applicable safety guidelines.