Bázis

Bázis is a Hungarian noun meaning base or basis, used to denote the foundation, starting point, or supporting element in various contexts. The term appears across science, mathematics, computing, biology, and everyday language, often as a direct translation of the English "base" or "basis".

In chemistry, a base is a substance that accepts protons or donates electron pairs, thereby increasing the pH of a solution. The classical Arrhenius bases release hydroxide ions in water; Brønsted-Lowry bases accept a proton. Common examples include sodium hydroxide and ammonia. Bases neutralize acids to form salts and water and are contrasted with acids in many reactions and in the pH scale.

In mathematics, a basis is a set of vectors that is linearly independent and spans a vector space; every vector can be written uniquely as a linear combination of basis vectors. In R^n the standard basis consists of the coordinate unit vectors. Bases also exist for more general algebraic structures, providing a coordinate system for representation and computation.

In numeral systems and computing, base or radix describes the digits available for representing numbers: decimal (base-10), binary (base-2), hexadecimal (base-16), and so on. A number is expressed as digits multiplied by powers of the base, and changing the base yields an equivalent value with a different representation.

In biology and genetics, bases (bázisok) are the nitrogenous components of nucleic acids: adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine in DNA; RNA uses uracil instead of thymine. Bases pair specifically (A with T, C with G in DNA; A with U in RNA), enabling the double helix and encoding genetic information.

In other contexts, "bázis" can mean a base camp or hub for operations, logistics, or administration, reflecting the notion of a foundational center for activities. The term thus denotes a foundation or reference point across diverse fields.