Buprestoidea

Buprestoidea is a superfamily of beetles in the order Coleoptera, best known for the jewel beetles. In most classifications, it is represented by the family Buprestidae, the jewel beetles, which comprises thousands of species in numerous genera. The group is also known from extinct families preserved in the fossil record, reflecting a long evolutionary history. Taxonomic arrangements within Buprestoidea have varied across classification schemes, and molecular studies continue to refine relationships among its genera and species.

Adult jewel beetles are typically elongated or oval with hard elytra that are often vividly metallic or iridescent. Many species display bright patterns of bands or spots. The larvae are wood-borers, feeding within living trees, stressed hosts, or dead wood, and development can take one or more years depending on the species and environmental conditions.

Ecology and economic importance: Buprestidae are cosmopolitan, especially in forested regions. Some species are important pests of forestry and ornamentals; the emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) is among the most destructive. Others contribute to nutrient cycling by colonizing distressed trees and fallen wood. Adults commonly feed on foliage, nectar, or pollen, and some are attracted to recently burned or freshly cut wood.

Fossil record and significance: The Buprestoidea group has a notable fossil history dating back to the Mesozoic era, with well-preserved specimens in amber and rock formations. The striking metallic coloration of many species has inspired research in biomimetics and materials science, as well as phylogenetic studies within beetles.