Bujumbura

Bujumbura is the largest city and economic capital of Burundi, located on the western shore of Lake Tanganyika. It served as the country’s capital from independence in 1962 until 2019, when the government designated Gitega as the political capital. Despite the shift, Bujumbura remains Burundi’s principal economic center and port.

The city began as Usumbura under German colonial rule in the late 19th century and grew into a major commercial hub during the colonial era. After independence, the name was changed to Bujumbura, and the city continued to play a central role in administration, trade, and transport.

Geography and climate: Bujumbura lies on the lake’s shore and experiences a tropical savanna climate, with a mix of wet and dry seasons and warm temperatures throughout the year.

Economy and infrastructure: The city hosts Burundi’s main port on Lake Tanganyika and serves as a key commercial hub for imports and exports. It is served by Bujumbura International Airport and hosts the main campus of the University of Burundi. The Prince Louis Rwagasore Stadium is a notable sports venue in the city.

Society and notable features: Bujumbura has a diverse urban population and a range of cultural institutions, markets, and neighborhoods. The city experienced significant political violence during Burundi’s late 1990s civil conflict and the 2015 political crisis, but has remained a central economic and administrative center for the country.