Bronkospasmeja

Bronkospasmeja refers to the sudden tightening or constriction of the muscles in the walls of the bronchi, the airways in the lungs. This narrowing of the airways makes it difficult to breathe, leading to symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, coughing, and chest tightness. Bronkospasmeja can occur as a symptom of various respiratory conditions, including asthma, bronchitis, and emphysema. It can also be triggered by irritants such as smoke, allergens, cold air, or certain medications.

The mechanism behind bronkospasmeja involves the smooth muscles surrounding the bronchioles. When stimulated by various factors, these muscles contract, reducing the diameter of the airways. This obstruction impedes the flow of air in and out of the lungs. In individuals with asthma, this is a characteristic feature of the disease, often occurring during an asthma attack.

Diagnosis of bronkospasmeja typically involves a physical examination, listening to the lungs with a stethoscope for characteristic wheezing sounds, and sometimes pulmonary function tests to measure lung capacity and airflow. Treatment aims to relax the constricted airway muscles and improve breathing. This is commonly achieved with bronchodilator medications, which are often administered via an inhaler. In more severe cases, other medications such as corticosteroids might be used to reduce inflammation in the airways. Prompt recognition and treatment are important to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications.