Bolygotudomány

Bolygotudomány, also known as pseudoscience or fringe science, refers to bodies of knowledge, beliefs, or practices that are presented as scientific but lack empirical validation, adhere to methodological naturalism, or fail to meet the criteria of the scientific method. The term originates from the Hungarian phrase "bolygó tudomány," which translates to "wandering science," emphasizing its speculative and often unfounded nature.

Bolygotudomány often arises from a mix of genuine curiosity, cultural trends, or commercial interests, rather than rigorous scientific inquiry. It may include claims that are not testable, reproducible, or falsifiable, distinguishing it from genuine scientific research. Examples of bolygotudomány range from alternative medicine practices lacking clinical evidence to conspiracy theories that defy established scientific consensus.

A key characteristic of bolygotudomány is its resistance to peer review and skepticism. Proponents frequently invoke anecdotal evidence, personal testimonials, or circular reasoning to support their claims, while dismissing contradictory findings. This can lead to the perpetuation of myths, such as the belief in supernatural phenomena or unproven health remedies.

While bolygotudomány does not constitute legitimate science, it can sometimes overlap with emerging or controversial fields where scientific consensus is still evolving. Distinguishing between genuine scientific debate and bolygotudomány requires critical evaluation of evidence, transparency in methodology, and adherence to peer-reviewed standards. Public awareness and scientific literacy are essential in identifying and mitigating the influence of bolygotudomány on society.