Boehmeria

Boehmeria is a genus of flowering plants in the nettle family, Urticaceae. It comprises herbaceous perennials and small shrubs distributed across temperate and tropical regions of Asia, Africa, and the Americas. The genus includes several species, of which Boehmeria nivea and Boehmeria cylindrica are among the best known.

Morphology and identification: Plants are generally shrubs or perennial herbs with erect to spreading stems. Leaves are alternate, simple, typically ovate to lanceolate with serrated margins. Most species lack the stinging hairs characteristic of true nettles. Flowers are inconspicuous and arranged in panicles or spikes; the plants are usually dioecious or have unisexual flowers, producing small dry fruits.

Distribution and habitat: Boehmeria species inhabit a range of environments from forest margins to woodland clearings and disturbed areas. They often tolerate partial shade and moderately well-drained soils, and can occur in temperate to subtropical regions.

Uses and significance: Boehmeria nivea, commonly known as ramie, is cultivated for its bast fiber, one of the oldest textile fibers in use. The fiber is obtained from the bark and requires retting to release fibers, valued for its strength and whiteness. Other species are occasionally grown ornamentally or allowed to naturalize in suitable habitats.

Taxonomy and notes: The genus belongs to the Urticaceae, in the order Rosales. Boehmeria is sometimes described as “false nettle” because it resembles true nettles but typically lacks the stinging hairs that characterize many Urticaceae.